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Quality in official statistics

Several factors characterise the quality of official statistics even if it is often accuracy that is focused on when talking about quality - that is, how precisely the statistics describe reality. For the users, however, it is also important that the statistics are relevant so that they describe the phenomenon the user is interested in. The statistics must also be timely enough for it to be a basis for decisions, and it must therefore not take too long before it is published. Time series that describe the development in an area and are comparable to similar developments in other countries are often important. For the users, the statistics must also be accessible – readily available, easy to locate and presented through formats that enable understanding.,  , What is official statistics?, Statistics contribute to decisions at all levels in Danish society being made on the basis of credible and objective information - everything from government policy and research to the actions of private companies and the everyday choices of individuals. A prerequisite for this, however, is that there are standards that ensure that the statistics are credible and objective. To address this issue, the concept of ‘Official Statistics’ has been introduced in the Act on Statistics Denmark. The act stipulates that statistics that are publicly produced and that meet a number of quality criteria can be called official statistics. For all public authorities that produce statistics, guidelines for official statistics have been prepared, which are described in more detail on the , Official Statistics Portal,  (in Danish only).,  , Common quality framework, European Statistics Code of Practice, The European Statistics Code of Practice is the cornerstone of the common framework for the quality of European Statistics. The Code of Practice consists of 16 principles covering institutional environment, statistical processes and statistical output. The Code of Practice was adopted in 2005 and revised in 2011 and 2017., The Code of Practice is designed to strengthen confidence in the European Statistical System and to ensure that all producers of official statistics in the EU apply the best international statistical principles and methods., European Statistics Code of Practice (pdf), In support of the Code of Practice, a Quality Assurance Framework has been developed. This supports the quality requirements and provides advice on methods, tools and practices that can be useful in implementing measures to be able to comply the Code of Practice., Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (pdf),  , UN’s Fundamental Principles, UN’s Fundamental Principles for Official statistics, Principle 1. Official statistics provide an indispensable element in the information system of a democratic society, serving the Government, the economy and the public with data about the economic, demographic, social and environmental situation. To this end, official statistics that meet the test of practical utility are to be compiled and made available on an impartial basis by official statistical agencies to honour citizens’ entitlement to public information. , Principle 2. To retain trust in official statistics, the statistical agencies need to decide according to strictly professional considerations, including scientific principles and professional ethics, on the methods and procedures for the collection, processing, storage and presentation of statistical data. , Principle 3. To facilitate a correct interpretation of the data, the statistical agencies are to present information according to scientific standards on the sources, methods and procedures of the statistics. , Principle 4. The statistical agencies are entitled to comment on erroneous interpretation and misuse of statistics., Principle 5. Data for statistical purposes may be drawn from all types of sources, be they statistical surveys or administrative records. Statistical agencies are to choose the source with regard to quality, timeliness, costs and the burden on respondents. , Principle 6. Individual data collected by statistical agencies for statistical compilation, whether they refer to natural or legal persons, are to be strictly confidential and used exclusively for statistical purposes. , Principle 7. The laws, regulations and measures under which the statistical systems operate are to be made public. , Principle 8. Coordination among statistical agencies within countries is essential to achieve consistency and efficiency in the statistical system. , Principle 9. The use by statistical agencies in each country of international concepts, classifications and methods promotes the consistency and efficiency of statistical systems at all official levels. , Principle 10. Bilateral and multilateral cooperation in statistics contributes to the improvement of systems of official statistics in all countries.,  ,  , European quality evaluation – ESS peer review , Evaluations and reviews of Statistics Denmark, including international evaluations, are carried out at regular intervals, for example, ESS peer reviews. The purpose of peer reviews is to evaluate whether the EU Member States and EFTA-countries comply with the 16 basic principles of official statistics as set out in the Code of Conduct for European Statistics. In addition, coordination within the national statistical system as well as integration in relation to the ESS is evaluated., In the spring of 2022, Denmark was last assessed by a European expert team. The European team of experts, organized by Eurostat, made their assessment of the production of statistics through documentation and self-assessment. The expert team had dialogues with Statistics Denmark, other national producers of European statistics, the media and other users of European statistics as well as representatives of suppliers of data for statistical production. The other producers of European statistics that also were assessed were the Danish Energy Agency, the Danish Environmental Protection Agency and the Danish Immigration Service. As a result of the peer review, the expert team has delivered recommendations that can contribute to improving the quality of official statistics in Denmark., Peer review report 2022 (pdf), Follow-up on the European Peer Review 2022, In the spring of 2022, Statistics Denmark was last assessed by a team of European experts in a peer review. Following the peer review, a report is prepared with recommendations for improvements. Statistics Denmark has, in response to these recommendations, developed a series of improvement actions, which we will work to implement towards 2027. Our improvement actions can be found in the document below., The improvement actions were formulated at the end of 2022, but has not been published before November 2024, as a prolonged harmonization process in Eurostat has delayed the process. In some areas, this delay could result in processes being initiated that are not described in our improvement actions, or that some measures has lost their relevance and timeliness., Follow up on peer review - improvement action (pdf),  , Two rounds of peer reviews have previously been conducted - in 2007 and in 2015:, Peer review report 2015 (pdf), Peer review report 2007 (pdf),  ,  

https://www.dst.dk/en/OmDS/strategi-og-kvalitet/kvalitet-for-statistikproduktion/kvalitet-i-officiel-statistik

How to create a project proposal

On this page, you can get help for the creation and completion of a project proposal in Denmark’s Data Portal., Statistics Denmark reviews the individual project proposals and makes an assessment during the process and before the final approval as to whether the project meets the legal requirements. These requirements are about the documentation of data, that the data content is commensurate with the purpose of the project (data minimisation), and that the project is relevant to society (as specified in the General Data Protection Regulation). It is the data controller’s own responsibility that the approved project proposal reflects, makes a case for and documents all data that is associated with the project., How to create and complete a project in Denmark’s Data Portal, See the video guide on how to create a project proposal (in Danish), On your front page in Denmark’s Data Portal, you click ‘Data orders’ and then ‘Create project proposal’. Here you give the project a title, select the institution under which the project should be created, and indicate whether it belongs under the researcher scheme, project database scheme or authority scheme. , If you need help, you can contact an administrator in your institution., Project details, Here you enter the project description and, in doing so, you account for the purpose of the project, subject area of investigation, relevance to society and argue for the use of data. Below you will find hint questions and recommendations for each point as well as relevant appendixes and references., 1. Purpose, Describe the project’s overall purpose:, Hint questions:, What is the research project about generally?, What will the research project accomplish?, Recommendations:, Keep the purpose description short, precise and in non-professional terms., Formulate the purpose broadly so that it is possible to cover several relevant aspects of a topic and expand the project along the way with new data., Avoid repetition of matters that belong under project description or population., Pay attention to the coherence with the rest of the project proposal., Examples of purpose description, Here you can see examples of purpose descriptions that Research Services approve. Both narrow and broad purpose descriptions are accepted., The purpose is to shed light on factors that have or may have an impact on the development and treatment of atherosclerosis, and to assess how these factors interact in the development and treatment of atherosclerosis., The project aims to examine the historical and current development in the size and composition of the workforce., The purpose of the project is to examine citizens' use of public welfare services throughout the entire life cycle, i.e. from birth to grave., The research project seeks to shed light on fundamental questions in economics and financing regarding the operation and financing of companies., The purpose of the project is to examine the assessment, course and treatment in the Danish healthcare system with a view to identify where cross-sectoral implementation can improve, and where the work with evidence-based knowledge in daily clinical practice can optimize., The purpose of the project is to investigate how diet, smoking, alcohol and exercise factors (KRAM factors) relate to the degree of health deterioration, as well as the development of the incidence and prevalence of the KRAM factors in relation to the development of disease over time., 2. Description, Based on the purpose of the project, elaborate the background and conditions of the actual research project., Hint questions:, Which main hypothesis or which research topics are examined or attempted to answer?, What topics does the project address, and how are basic data and any external data included in relation to these topics?, Recommendations:, Make your argument on a topic level, such as ’immigration’, ’education’, ’criminal offences’ and ’income’ as well as ’diagnosis information’, ’pharmaceutical product data’ and ’rates’., The reasoning for external data should be described in the same way as basic data. , Describe which topics the project investigates so that the project can be adapted along the way and benefit from data across multiple areas.  , Pay attention to the coherence between the description and the other parts of the project proposal., 3. Relevance to society, Describe the relevance of the project to society in brief., Hint questions, What is the connection between the purpose of the project and its relevance to society?, How is the project relevant to all of society?, Recommendations:, Keep the description short and credible., Avoid repetitions from the other texts as well as text that does not concern this specific project., Examples of adequate project proposals (in Danish), Eksempel 1 - Analyse om fertilitet og graviditet, Eksempel 2 - Arbejdsmarkedstilslutning, Eksempel 3 - Hjertekarsygdomme i den danske befolkning, Eksempel 4 - Betydningen af at have en neurologisk sygdom, Project access, Here the administrator or a contact person with powers can add users to the project proposal, so that it is possible for these users to access data. The users must have been created in Denmark’s Data Portal and have an active user agreement with the authorised institution that is the data controller of the project., Data content , This is where you select registers and variables for the project proposal and descripe external data under 'Additional Datasources'. This is also where you describe the project population. , Read more under Population description, . Below you will find hint questions and recommendations for filling additional datasources., Additional datasources, Describe external data that is associated with the project proposal. , Hint questions:, What kind of data does the external data source collect , How does the external data support the project's purpose, Recommendations:, Classify external data by data source. For example, one additional data source could be data from the National Agency for IT and Learning (STIL). ,  Briefly and generally explain what the data will be used for, so that there is the possibility of expanding the project along the way with more data from the same data source. , Be aware that additional data sources must be included in the project description., Analysis platforms , If your authorised institution has a hosted server, you can choose to create the project here. Alternatively, you can always create the project on the Researcher server. , Read more under Analysis platform, Summary, Here you can see your complete project proposal and check that everything has been entered correctly. If you want to change something, you can go back and correct it before you submit your request. If you are an administrator for the institution under which the project belongs, you can submit the proposal directly to Statistics Denmark by clicking ‘Submit’. If not, you must send the proposal to one of the administrators in your institution by clicking ‘Submit to administrator’. , If you get your project proposal back for revision, it means that the project owner in Research Services has reviewed it and added comments that you must consider. You can re-submit the project proposal after editing. ,  , Specifically when creating subprojects on project databases and authority schemes, When you create a project proposal for a subproject, you must remember to select project database scheme/authority scheme. If by mistake you select the researcher scheme, the project proposal will not be created as a subproject. Unfortunately, it is not possible to change the scheme, and therefore you must create a new project proposal., The project proposal is completed in the same way as a project under the researcher scheme, but under ‘data content’, you must pay attention to the following:, Data that is to be transferred from the project database/authority scheme must be indicated under ‘Data from the Project database’ or ‘Data from Authority scheme’, Data to be added from Research Services must be indicated under ‘Data from Denmark’s Data Portal’.

https://www.dst.dk/en/TilSalg/data-til-forskning/anmodning-om-data/oprettelse-af-projektindstilling

International cooperation

Participation in the European statistical system plays an important part in Statistics Denmark’s international involvement. Furthermore, Statistics Denmark is also an active player in other international forums, among others UN and OECD., ESS – European Statistical System, Statistics Denmark is a member of the European Statistical System (, ESS, ). The ESS is a , partnership , between the Community statistical authority (, Eurostat, ), the national statistical institutes and other national statistics producers in each Member States. There are , 12 other national authorities , producing European statistics in Denmark and are hereby included as such in the ESS. This ESS partnership also includes the EFTA countries. The European statistics cooperation is regulated in , the law on European statistics, ., The purpose of the European statistical cooperation is to produce comparable statistics of high quality. The statistics constitute an important basis for planning, implementation and evaluation in a number of policy and cooperation areas. EU statistics are produced under the framework of a , statistical 5-year program , adopted by the European Parliament and the Council. In order to provide users with a more thorough insight into the ESS, an , ESS report, is published yearly with more detailed information about the latest initiatives and the development of the system. , A major part of EU statistics is produced according to legislation. Statistics Denmark participates actively in all phases of the EU legislative process. This is, e.g. conducted in the Commission’s (, Eurostat´s, ) working groups, where experts from Statistics Denmark and other Member States are consulted in connection with preparation and implementation of EU statistical legislation. , The European Statistical System Committee (ESSC), which is the executive body within the ESS cooperation, is composed of the Directors General of each national statistical institute., In the years to come the European statistical system is undergoing a reform process originating in a , vision for cooperation in the European statistical system towards 2020, . The reform process focusses on 5 areas: 1) user requirements and stakeholder cooperation, 2) quality, 3) new data sources, 4) effective and quality assurance of statistical production processes, and 5) dissemination and communication., Eurostat , Eurostat , is the Statistical Office of the European Communities. It publishes EU statistics enabling comparisons between Member States and regions. Eurostat was set up in accordance with a , decision , made by the Commission., EU legislation on statistics, In order to ensure comparable EU statistics from country to country and over time, the majority of the statistics is produced in accordance with binding EU legal acts., Current EU legal acts on statistics, All statistics are compiled in accordance with the quality standards of , European Statistics Code of Practice , Cooperation with other international organizations, Statistics Denmark cooperates with several international organizations. Among the most important are: United Nations Statistical Commission and the European part hereof, Statistical department of United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), International Monetary Fund (IMF) and International Labour Organization (ILO)., United Nations Statistical Commission, United Nations Statistical Commission,  was set up by United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) in 1947 and assists the Economic and Social Council with the following tasks, e.g.: , To promote the development of national statistics and improve their comparability., To develop the central statistics function at United Nations Statistics Division and to coordinate the statistical work in the organizations of the United Nations., To advise the organizations of the United Nations on collection, processing and dissemination of statistics., To promote and improve statistical methods., Conference of European Statisticians (CES), Conference of European Statisticians,  (CES) is the regional UN authority for statistics. The CES reports to UN’s Statistical Commission and is part of UN’s Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The purposes and tasks of the CES are similar to those of the Statistical Commission. In addition to this, the CES is to contribute to closer cooperation between all producers of official statistics in the ECE region and in this connection ensures comparability, the best possible use of consumption and coordinates the collection of statistics from national producers. , Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), The OECD’s mission is to promote policies improving the economic as well as the social situation in the world. In order to live up to this mission the OECD and its numerous affiliated committees, expert groups, etc. require, to a great extent official statistics of high quality.  , The OECD’s statistics division, collects statistics from member states and the statistics are processed with a view to increasing comparability. The statistics are, e.g. published in the monthly edition of Main Economic Indicators. The statistical cooperation is organized in working groups under the OECD’s Committee on Statistics and Statistical Policy (CSSP)., International Monetary Fund (IMF), Statistics Denmark’s relationship with the IMF is maintained in close cooperation with the Danish Ministry of Finance and the central bank of Denmark. The IMF’s statistical work embraces mainly two areas: guidelines for compiling statistics and standards for documentation., International Labour Organization (ILO), In collaboration with the Danish Ministry of Employment, Statistics Denmark is in continuous contact with , the International Labour Organization, and submits comprehensive labour market data for the ILO’s Yearbook of Labour Statistics. The ILO plays and important role in developing and coordinating statistics on especially employment, unemployment and prices. , Coordination Committee for European Statistics, In its capacity as the national statistical authority Statistics Denmark chairs the Coordination Committee for European Statistics. The Committee was set up in 2010 and originates from the EU Regulation on European Statistics (EC) No 223/2009. In accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 5 the national statistical authorities are responsible for coordinating all activities at national level for development, production and dissemination of European statistics and shall act as the contact point for the Commission (Eurostat) on statistical matters. In addition to Statistics Denmark, the Coordination Committee for European Statistics is composed of representatives from other national statistics producers in Denmark, compiling European statistics. , The tasks of the Coordination Committee for European Statistics are as follows:, To ensure mutual exchange of information on:, a) New and ongoing European statistical initiatives with a view to coordinating activities for development, production and dissemination of European statistics,, b) Representation of Denmark in central European committees and councils in the Commission as well as the Council with a view to coordinating and harmonising activities., To contribute to answering the Commission’s general inquiries to the national European statistics producers.  , To take the initiative to cooperate and coordinate the production and dissemination of European statistics, taking place at Statistics Denmark and other national statistics producers, including the creation of  frameworks for establishing cooperative forums, which can contribute to the exchange of ’best practice’., To discuss standards concerning independency, quality (relevance, accuracy, timeliness, punctuality, accessibility, comparability and coherence), confidentiality and response burden, which must be in accordance with national and international decisions and legislation.  , To discuss Danish standards with a view to ensuring a higher degree of internationally comparable statistics., Participating institutions in the Coordination Committee for European Statistics

https://www.dst.dk/en/OmDS/strategi-og-kvalitet/internationalt-samarbejde

Upper secondary education

How many students start general upper secondary education or vocational education and training programmes each year? How many complete a programme?

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/uddannelse-og-forskning/fuldtidsuddannelser/ungdomsuddannelser

Subject page

From primary and secondary education to continued education

How many students go directly from primary and lower secondary school to upper secondary education? How many students continue their education immediately after completing an upper secondary programme?

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/uddannelse-og-forskning/veje-gennem-uddannelsessystemet/fra-grundskole-og-gymnasiale-uddannelser-til-fortsat-uddannelse

Subject page

Higher education

How many students are enrolled in a higher education programme? How many people have completed a bachelor’s programme or a medium-cycle higher education programme in the course of the last year?

https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/uddannelse-og-forskning/fuldtidsuddannelser/videregaaende-uddannelser

Subject page

EJERFOF1: Wealth in real estate and loans for families

type of components, municipality of residence, unit, family type and time
2004-2024 (-)

https://www.statbank.dk/EJERFOF1

Tables in StatBank

FGF3: Preliminary general enterprise statistics

industry (DB07 10-grouping), unit, enterprise size (full time equivalents) and time
2023-2023 (-)

https://www.statbank.dk/FGF3

Tables in StatBank

FRA022: Absence

sector, sex, cause of absence, industry, indicator of absence and time
2013-2024 (-)

https://www.statbank.dk/FRA022

Tables in StatBank

FISK3: Landings in Denmark

region, harbour, unit, type of fish and time
1996-2024 (-)

https://www.statbank.dk/FISK3

Tables in StatBank